This paper gives guidance to regional barge companies in South and Central America on how to build or convert their inland barges for cargo operations under closed conditions, to improve safety and conform to international standards.

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The testing and maintenance of survival craft presents much greater risks at offshore facilities, which operate in a fixed position exposed to open ocean environments, than onboard ships, which can relocate to a safer location. This information paper aims to drive improvements to current Life Saving Appliance design and safeguards, regulatory requirements, industry best practices and programmes.

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Drones have been used as loitering munitions (LM) to attack merchant ships. This is a specific type of drone with a built-in weapon and some with the capability to loiter in an area until their target is located. The global proliferation of these rapidly advancing technologies poses a new and rising security risk to merchant shipping. Although these attacks have been focussed in the Middle East region, their use elsewhere cannot be discounted.

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This information paper recommends a layered defence methodology to aid in the mitigation of the risks posed by identified security threats. Although the focus is on vessels when underway, measures are examined for vessels at anchor and alongside.

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Ship-to-Ship (STS) transfer operations take place across different geographies and under varying environmental conditions, adding to the complexity and risks associated with such transfers. This information paper aims to support stakeholders in making their own assessments to determine suitable weather criteria and ascertain an appropriate weather window for STS operations.

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